Articles Of Indian Constitution

Articles Of Indian Constitution

The Indian Constitution is the supreme law of India and is the longest written constitution in the world. It was adopted on November 26, 1949, and came into effect on January 26, 1950. The Constitution consists of a Preamble, 22 Parts, and 395 Articles, along with 12 Schedules.

 

The Articles of the Indian Constitution are the core of the document and define the structure and powers of the government, as well as the rights and duties of the citizens. Here’s a brief overview of each Part and the Articles it contains:

Part IV – Directive Principles of State Policy
Article 36 – Definition
Article 37 – Application of the principles contained in this Part
Article 38 – State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people
Article 39 – Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State
Article 39A – Equal justice and free legal aid
Article 40 – Organisation of village panchayats
Article 41 – Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases
Article 42 – Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief
Article 43 – Living wage, etc., for workers
Article 43A – Participation of workers in management of industries
Article 44 – Uniform civil code for the citizens
Article 45 – Provision for free and compulsory education for children
Article 46 – Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections
Article 47 – Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health
Article 48 – Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry
Article 48A – Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life
Article 49 – Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance
Article 50 – Separation of judiciary from executive

Part IVA – Fundamental Duties
Article 51A – Fundamental duties

PART V – The Union

Article 52: The President of India

Article 53: Executive power of the Union

Article 54: Election of President

Article 55: Manner of election of President

Article 56: Term of office of President

Article 57: Eligibility for re-election

Article 58: Qualifications for election as President

Article 59: Conditions of President’s office

Article 60: Oath or affirmation by the President

Article 61: Procedure for impeachment of the President

Article 62: Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy

Article 63: The Vice-President of India

Article 64: The Vice-President to be ex officio Chairman of the Council of States

Article 65: The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office, or during the absence, of President

Article 66: Election of Vice-President

Article 67: Term of office of Vice-President

Article 68: Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of Vice-President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy

Article 69: Oath or affirmation by the Vice-President

Article 70: Discharge of President’s functions in other contingencies

Article 71: Matters relating to, or connected with, the election of a President or Vice-President

Article 72: Power of President to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases

Article 73: Extent of executive power of the Union

Article 74: Council of Ministers to aid and advise President

Article 75: Other provisions as to Ministers

Article 75A: Appointment of Prime Minister

Article 76: Attorney-General for India

Article 77: Conduct of business of the Government of India

Article 78: Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc.

Article 79: Constitution of the Parliament

Article 80: Composition of the Council of States

Article 81: Composition of the House of the People

Article 82: Readjustment after each census

Article 83: Duration of Houses of Parliament

Article 84: Qualification for membership of Parliament

Article 85: Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution

Article 86: Right of President to address and send messages to Houses

Article 87: Special address by the President

Article 88: Rights of Ministers and Attorney-General as respects Houses

Article 89: The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States

Article 90: Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of Deputy Chairman

Article 91: Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman

Article 92: The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People

Part VII: The States in Part B of the First Schedule

Article 92A: [Repealed]

Article 93: The Governor

Article 94: Provisions as to the Governor’s office

Article 95: The Executive power of the State

Article 96: Provisions as to the Council of Ministers

Article 97: The Advocate-General for the State

Article 98: The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India

Article 99: Oath or affirmation by Governor

Article 100: Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum

Article 101: Vacation of seats

Article 102: Disqualifications for membership

Article 103: Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members

Article 104: Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 99 or when not qualified or when disqualified

Article 105: Powers, privileges, etc. of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof

Article 106: Salaries and allowances of members

Article 107: Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills

Article 108: Joint sittings of, and voting by, Houses

Article 109: Special procedure in respect of Money Bills

Article 110: Definition of “Money Bills”

Article 111: Assent to Bills

Article 112: Annual financial statement

Article 113: Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates

Article 114: Appropriation Bills

Article 115: Supplementary, additional or excess grants

Article 116: Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants

Article 117: Special provisions as to financial Bills

Article 118: Rules of procedure

Article 119: Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business

Article 120: Language to be used in Parliament

Article 121: Restriction on discussion in Parliament

Article 122: Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament

Article 123: Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament

Article 124 – Establishment and Constitution of Supreme Court
Article 125 – Salaries, etc., of Judges
Article 126 – Appointment of acting Chief Justice
Article 127 – Appointment of ad hoc Judges
Article 128 – Attendance of retired Judges at sittings of the Supreme Court
Article 129 – Supreme Court to be a court of record
Article 130 – Seat of Supreme Court
Article 131 – Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
Article 131A – [Repealed]
Article 132 – Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in certain cases
Article 133 – Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in regard to civil matters
Article 133A – [Repealed]
Article 134 – Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters
Article 134A – Certificate for appeal to the Supreme Court
Article 135 – Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law to be exercisable by the Supreme Court
Article 136 – Special leave to appeal by the Supreme Court
Article 137 – Review of judgments or orders by the Supreme Court
Article 138 – Enlargement of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
Article 139 – Conferment on the Supreme Court of powers to issue certain writs
Article 139A – Transfer of certain cases
Article 140 – Ancillary powers of Supreme Court
Article 141 – Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts
Article 142 – Enforcement of decrees and orders of Supreme Court and orders as to discovery, etc.

Part VII: The States in Part B of the First Schedule

Article 143 – Power of President to consult Supreme Court
Article 144 – Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court
Article 145 – Rules of court, etc.
Article 146 – Officers and servants and the expenses of the Supreme Court
Article 147 – Interpretation
Article 148 – Audit of accounts of the Union and of the States
Article 149 – Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General
Article 150 – Form of accounts of the Union and of the States
Article 151 – Audit reports

Part VI: The States

Article 152: Definition of state

Article 153: Governors of States

Article 154: Executive power of State

Article 155: Appointment of Governor

Article 156: Term of office of Governor

Article 157: Qualifications for appointment as Governor

Article 158: Conditions of Governor’s office

Article 159: Oath or affirmation by the Governor

Article 160: Discharge of the functions of the Governor in certain contingencies

Article 161: Power of Governor to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases

Article 162: Extent of executive power of State

Article 163: Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor

Article 164: Other provisions as to Ministers

Article 165: Advocate-General for the State

Article 166: Conduct of business of the Government of a State

Article 167: Duties of Chief Minister as respects the furnishing of information to Governor, etc.

Article 168: Rights of Ministers and Advocate-General as respects the Houses

Article 169: Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States

Article 170: Composition of the Legislative Assemblies

Article 171: Composition of the Legislative Councils

Article 172: Duration of State Legislatures

Article 173: Qualification for membership of the State Legislature

Article 174: Sessions of the State Legislature, prorogation and dissolution

Article 175: Right of Governor to address and send messages to the House or Houses

Article 176: Special address by the Governor

Article 177: Rights of Ministers and Advocate-General as respects the Houses

Article 178: Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly

Article 179: Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker

Article 180: Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker

Article 181: Salaries and allowances of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker

Article 182: Secretariat of State Legislature

Article 183: Oath or affirmation by members

Article 184: Disqualifications for membership

Article 185: Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members

Article 186: Salaries and allowances of members

Article 187: Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof

Article 188: Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills

Article 189: Definition of “Money Bills”

Article 190: Procedure in Legislature with respect to Money Bills

Article 191: Restriction on powers of Legislature with regard to Bills affecting taxation in which States are interested

Article 192: Presiding officers of Legislatures of States, etc.

Article 193: Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof

Article 194: Rules of procedure

Article 195: Salaries and allowances of members

Article 196: Secretariat of State Legislature

Article 197: Oath or affirmation by members

Article 198: Disqualifications for membership

Article 199: Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members

Article 200: Assent to Bills

Article 201: Withholding of Assent

Article 202: Consideration of Bills by Governor

Article 203: Procedure with Respect to Bills Containing Provisions for Alteration of Boundaries of States

Article 204: Custody of State Acts

Article 205: Ministers

Article 206: Conduct of Business of the Government of a State

Article 207: Special Responsibility of the Governor for the Peace and Constitutional Safeguards

Article 208: Duty of Chief Minister as respects the Furnishing of Information to Governor

Article 209: Oath or Affirmation by the Governor

Article 210: Undertaking by Ministers and Attorney-General of India

Article 211: Restrictions on the Employment of Ministers and the Attorney-General of India After Resignation

Article 212: Courts not to Inquire into Proceedings of the Legislature

Article 213: Power of Governor to Promulgate Ordinances During Recess of Legislature

Article 214: High Courts for States

Article 215: High Courts to be Courts of Record

Article 216: Constitution of High Courts

Article 217: Appointment and Conditions of the Office of a Judge of a High Court

Article 218: Application of Certain Provisions Relating to Supreme Court to High Courts

Article 219: Oath or Affirmation by Judges of High Courts

Article 220: Restriction on Practice After Being a Permanent Judge

Article 221: Salaries, etc., of Judges

Article 222: Transfer of a Judge from One High Court to Another

Article 223: Appointment of Acting Chief Justice

Article 224: Appointment of Additional and Acting Judges

Article 224A: Appointment of retired Judges at sittings of High Courts

Article 225: Jurisdiction of Existing High Courts

Article 226: Power of High Courts to Issue Certain Writs

Article 227: Power of Superintendence Over All Courts by the High Court

Article 228: Transfer of Certain Cases to High Court

Article 229: Officers and Servants and the Expenses of High Courts

Article 230: Extension of Jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories

Article 231: Establishment of a Common High Court for Two or More States

Article 232: Appointment of Judges Other Than Chief Justice to the Common High Court

Article 233: Appointment of Acting Chief Justice

Article 234: Appointment of Additional and Acting Judges

Article 235: Control over Subordinate Courts

Article 236: Interpretation

Article 237: Application of the provisions of this chapter to certain class or classes of magistrates

Part VII: The States in Part B of the First Schedule (Repealed)

Article 238: Application of provisions of part VI to states in Part B of the first Schedule (Repealed)

Part VIII: The Union Territories

Article 239: Administration of Union Territories

Article 239A: Creation of local Legislatures or Council of Ministers

Article 240: Power of President to make regulations for certain Union Territories

Article 241: High Courts for Union Territories

Article 242: Coorg (Repealed)

 

Part IX: The Panchayats

Article 243A: Gram Sabha
Article 243B: Constitution of Panchayats
Article 243C: Composition of Panchayats
Article 243D: Reservation of seats
Article 243E: Duration of Panchayats, etc.
Article 243F: Disqualifications
Article 243G: Powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats
Article 243H: Powers to impose taxes by, and funds of, the Panchayats
Article 243-I: Constitution of Finance Commission to review financial position
Article 243J: Audit of accounts of Panchayats
Article 243K: Elections to the Panchayats
Article 243L: Application to Union territories
Article 243M: Part not to apply to certain areas